Tundra

Tundra: Eric Eames and Joey Mutter:

The annual rainfall isn't much due to freezing cold weather all year around. They get much precipitation from the snow melt that is 15-25centimeters or 6-10inches.

The temperature in this biome is extremely cold. The temperature in the winter drops to -34*c or -30*F. In the summer the weather is still very cold at 3-12*c or 37-54*F.

Types of Animals in this ‍‍biome: ‍‍ Herbivorous Mammals: Lemmings, voles, caribou, arctic hares. Carnivorous Mammals: Arctic foxes, wolves, and polar bears. Migratory Birds: ravens, snow buntings, falcons, looms, sandpipers, terns, snow birds, and types of gulls. Fish: Cod, flatfish, salmon, and trout. Insects: Mosquitoes, flies, moths, grasshoppers, black flies, and the arctic bumblebee.

Other Facts About the Biome: Short growing season, energy for life comes from dead organic materials in the tundra, low shrubs, reindeer mosses, and there is about 400 types of flowers in this biome.

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Animals: Polar Bears are extremeley common in artic tundra biomes acorss the Earth. Also known as Ursus Maritimus, these large mammals are extreme predetors in the artic tundra. Weighing in from 700-1400 pounds and standing 8 to 10 feet tall make them top of the food chain. There thick white coat of fur is very important asset to them as the coat absourbes sunlight and retain heat which keeps them at a sustainable temperature during the winter.

Arctic Hare (Lepus arctics): Located in the extreme northern part of Canada and also in some parts of Greenland. Its diet is berries, twigs, mosses, woody plants, and types vegetation. For shelter they dig holes in the ground to keep warm. The Arctic Hare is 20-26inches long and weighs about 8-14pounds. In the winter its an all white coat and in the summer the coat will change to blueish-grayish. They have large hind feet that makes them move quickly. They have claws that help them get food and dig through snow. ====Lemmings are small mouse-like animals that live in the tundra. In summer they are brown, but in winter they are all white. Their white coats help them to hide from the snowy owl and other predators who depend upon them for food in winter. Lemmings make simple burrows in the tundra during the summer, and they can make it very difficult to walk around. Especially when you fall through them up to your knees! In winter, they hide from the coldest weather in shallow burrows in the snow. ==== ====Lemming populations shrink and swell depending on how many plants and berries are available. One type of lemming, the Scandinavian lemming, migrates in a huge group when food becomes scarce. They will run in one direction through meadows, woods and towns. If they come to a large body of water they will swim and swim looking for land. The stories about lemmings jumping off cliffs are a myth. Other types of lemmings simply move away when the food gets scarce. ====

Caribou have large hooves that are useful tools for life in the harsh northlands. They are big enough to support the animal's bulk on snow and to paddle it efficiently through the water. The hoof's underside is hollowed out like a scoop and used for digging through the snow in search of food. Its sharp edges give the animal good purchase on rocks or ice. =Plants:= Arctic WIllow (Salix Arctica): Located in Northern Alaska and Northern Canada. 15-20cm high. The leaves are a oval shape.

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